SECOND GENERATIONS COMPUTER:(1958-1963)

               Second Generations Computer(1958-1963):

                                                                                      The second generations computer  used transistor. The transistor was invented by three scientists William Shockley ' John Bardeen and Walter Brattain at Bell Lads in 1947. The size of the computer was decreased by replacing vacuum tubes with transistors. The example of second-generations computer are IBM 7094 series' IBM 1400 series and CDC 164 etc.

Transistor

             Advantage

  .   These computers were smaller in size than first generation.                                                                .   These consumed less power than first generation computers.                                                            .    They were more portable

 .   They had high processing speed and were more reliable.

  .   They were less expensive than first generation.

  .  They used magnetic core memory as internal storage. 

                                  

    .  They used punched card reader/ magnetic tape/magnetic disk and printers.                                               

    .  They assembly language was used in these computer. 

 .    They high level programming language were introduced such as FORTRAN    AND COBOL.

DISADVANTAGES:

          They needed air conditioning and constant maintenance.                                                                          

                                      The commerical  production was difficult.

They were only used for specific purposes.

They were not very versatile.